Of joliet



G. LANGFORD Aug. 25, 1931. METHOD OF REFORMING BARS" Re.- 18, l6 5 Original Filed y 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 fieo rQZarjo'rd a. LANGFORD METHOD OF REFORMING BARS Aug. 25, 1931.

Re; 18,165 5 she etsfsfieet 2 Original Filed July 16, 1925 G. LANG-FORD METHOD OF REFORMING BARS Re. 18,165 5' Sheeis-Speet .7 4

ori inal Fil ed Ju1y 16, 1925- Aug. 25, 1931;

I eazyeZagWdf -muz f I I G. LANGFORD Aug. 25, 1931. METHOD OF REFORMING BARS Re. 18,165 I 0riina1 Filed y 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 'Reiuued Aug. 25, 1931'- UNITED STATES- i Re. 18,165

PATENT OFFICE GEORGE LANGFOR D, 'OF JOLIET, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO PROCESS COMPANY I OF ILLINOIS, OF JOLIET, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS METHOD OF BEFORIIING BARS Uriginal applieatlon filed Jul s, 1226, Serial No. 122,864. Patent No. i,718,508, dated Ma 14, 1929. Divided and application filed larch 20, 1929, Serial No. 348,889. Original 10. 1,808,466, dated June 2,

1981. Application for reissue filed July 6, 1931.

The present invention relates generally to the forming of angle bars used in rail joint construction, and has to do more particularly with the reconstruction of worn angle bars. Ithas particular reference to a process or method of treating the worn bar so as to provide accurately, finished fishing surfaces at both the flange and the head of the bar, and

accurate spctcing of .such surfaces.

The type of bar referred to is that more Qcommonly used as fish plates for railui'oints.

Each rail joint is commonly suppli with two such wedge sur aces to head and flange of the rail. Both lates are boltedtogether through the rail we The construction is such that the rails and plates have registering holes for the elampin bolts.

In spite o the use pf such plates, the joints can not be made as rigid asany portion of a single rail. No portlonof the rail is perfectly rigid and the heavy load, concentrated at single traveling points, causes the rail to flex. The ends of the rails aremost subject to flexing and the sudden transfer of a load by the passage of a car wheel from one rail to another causes rapid and violent relative motion of abutting rail ends past each other. This motion causes the fish plate to oscillate stantially all the initialmetal andretain their.

to a slight extent, rubbing on the moving rails. The rubbing of the parts wears down the wedgmg surfaces.

. These worn plates, however, contalnsubgeneral initial form. The apparent defects are practically superficial so thatthe worn plate provides a' skeleton and also a mass'of.

metal for'rebuilding it-iuto a useful form. .The general object. of the present invention is-to provide a process or method of reunulitioning and reforming worn-plates.

Another important object of the invention is topr'ovide'a die movab ein one direction by applied pressureso arranged that it exerts pressure suistantiallv laterally with respect.

to the applied pressure! Other ancillary objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description as set forth in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

lates or bars, each presenting Serial No; 548,994.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a worn bar used on a one wayftrack, that is a track in which the traflic travels 111 one directlon only, showing't-he wear of the head of the Figure 2 is a perspective view of the bar of Figure 1 showing the wear of the flange of the bar; I Y

Figures 3 and 4 are sectional views taken substantially on lines'3-3 and 4-4, respectivel ",of Figures 1 and 2;

F gure 5 'is'a front elevation of a die press ada ted for use in reforming the bars;

igure 6, is a section taken substantially onlinefi6'ofFigure5;-"

Figure 7 is an end view of a pair of dies illustrating one form of my invention;

Figure 8 is a sectional viewof a pair of dies illustrating another way of practicing my process or method in reforming of the bar;

Figure 9,is an end view of a air of dies illustrating'a preferredway 0 practicing my method in the reforming of the bars;

Figure 10 is a view simila'rto Figure 9 illustrating still another way of practicing Bars used in two-way tracks where trailic alterriates in both directions, have resultant: fishing surface wear comparatively'even in the two halves of the bar, the greatest wear being at the, center. In a bar with extended flange, the flange fishing surface is more diflicult to reform thant-he head fishing surface because of its greater area and the difliculty of subjecting it to direct pressure.

Bars which are used in one way tracks, that is in tracks on which the traflic moves in one direction only, are sub ect to Wear entirely different from that of bars used in two way tracks. In Figures 1 to 4 of the drawings, in?

elusive, I have illustrated a worn bar used in a one way track showing the characteristic.

wear of such a bar. 'The two halves of the bar do not wear equally on a one-way track and one-half wears more and difierently from the other. In Fig. 1 one half a of the barhead 10 is worn at the center considerably as shown by the parallel shade lines in Figless than the other half 1011 which is deepest at the center of the bar andtapers sharply to' midway between the center and the end of thebar. The same is true of the fiange12 which although only slightly worn at half 12a-is much worn at half 12b, particularly at the center of the bar.

The extent of such wear is approximately ures 1 and 2.

Bars with one way -trackwear as in Figures 1 and 2 are themostdiflicult to reform,

- where and it is impossible to reform flange wear as in Fi re 2, without some special method half to a proper finish without any break between the two halves or portions of the fishing surface of the bar. I have found that in the prior art one way track bars have frequently been scrapped rather than attempt reforming, and that of those reformed, many do not fitproperly, which is to be expected where the worn half of the flange fishing particularly hasnot been accurately restored.-

In the reforming of rail joint bars, the

greatest accuracy must. be observed inthe of the fishing surfaces and the.

forming height of the bar. The head of the bar presents a body of metal of considerable mass which can be readily spread by vertical pressu'reonly applied thereto in such manner as toforoethe fishing surface of thehead into tight contact with the corresponding wall .of the forming die cavity. There is, therefore, no-great dlfliculty encountered in pro rly reforming the head of the bar. The ange of the bar, on the contrary, is relatively thin and is disposed'at an angle not far removed from the vertical,-when the bar is in a form-'- ing 'die of a .press in which the'dies have relative vertical movement.

The angle of the flange to the direction of i relative movement- -of the dies is slight,

whether the relative movement of the dies be vertical or horizontal. For this reason the pressure applied to the flange by the formmg die is indirect and it is impossible, in dies of the prior-art, to obtain the proper amount of pressureon the flange, such pressure being roperly directedto force the-fishing surace of the flange intoforming contact with the correspondin area of the wall of the die cavity. The'chief difficulty, therefore, en-. countered in the reforming of rail joint bars is in the forming of the fishing surface of V y great pressure can be exerted on the left one half of the'bar to bring the worn one sure in another direction, I

theflangeof the rail with absolute accuracy.

This is'highly important in this art. A further important feature of my invention is that the accurate forming of the fishing surface of the flange also assures proper spacing of the head and flange fishin surfaces and, therefore, full height of the ar.-

-I have found thatabsolute accuracy in the fishing surface of the flange, as' well as the head, of the bar can be obtained by subjecting the bar to applied pressure in one direction and then converting this applied ressure to pressure in another direction su tantially oblique to the first direction and toward the flange of the bar, the direction in which the applied pressure is converted having components oblique to the direction ofthe'first or applied pressure.

This accomplishes important results in that it subjects the flange ofthe' bar topres-' sure in the direction of such flange, this pressure serving to' force the flange tightlyagainst the corresponding forming surface of the wall of the die cavity. The bar is thus spread slightly in the direction of the flange and the forming die. I am also enabled, by this method, to apply suflicient pressure to the flange of a one way wear bar to assure proper reforming of the flange with a continuous and accurately formed fishing surface.

fishing surface of theflange is formed accurately .by the corresponding surface of the While my invention is directed mainly towar-d the properreforming of the flange fishing by lateral pressure, there are cases where 'it is desired to direct this lateral pressure toward the head portion of the bar. In such cases, the resistance caused .by partial formation of the flange fishing, forces the dies into alignment against the lock-collars as shown inFig.7.

In order that the a plied pressure for reforming the bar may converted into'preswhich'are mounted for relative ateral moveand away from each other. It will be understood that the dies and press illustrated and describedherein ,are shown merely. by way of example and my method or process may be practiced many other suitable manner. In

-Figures 5 and 6, I have illustrated a press rovide dies 4 ment as well-as relativemovement toward 3 and'dies suitable for practicing my invention;

Thepress and dies illustrated are similar to those disclosed in my copending-application for means for reformin worn angle bars, filed July 16th, 1926, gerial No. 122,864,

which has matured into Patent Number 1,712,506, dated May 14, 1929, of which the present application is a division.

Referring more particularly to Figuresfi and 6, the dies are embodied in a machine or press comprising a base 43, two uprights 44 .and '45, and a' vertically movablev cross head 46.

Upon the base, there is a horizontally slidable wedge .47 fixedly positioned between adjusting screws '48 and 48a. A wedge shaped bolster plate 47a is employed to engage the wedge 47 for veitical adjustment thereby. Upon the bolster plate, a die holder 49 is fixedly mounted. A lower die 50 is locked. in the die holder between a plate or block 51 and a longitudinal wedge 52. A variation of this construction,uscd in the ordinary togglepress, is adie holder bolted to the solid bed of the machine with the wedge adjustment above.

The die above described is considered as fixed and another die 53 is movable toward it. being carried b the crosshead 46. A die" holder 54 is bolte to the cross head, but the upper die 53 is not fixedly mounted in said holder. The upper die 53 is narrower. than the lower die50 and is positioned betweentwo stripping bars 55' rigidly secured to the die. The bars have ends, extending beyond the uprights 44 and 45 of the, machine as shown in F ignre 6. The die 53 is held resiliently against the bottom of the die holder by a spring suspension'of the stripping bars 55. A suitable means for s0 suspending the die comprises a cross rod 56 between. adjacent ends of bars 55 forming a rectangularframe. Each rod 56 is suspended by a pair of hangers 57 vertically movable through a guide in the form of a shelf or bracket 58 carried by the rods 56 to bear against the die holder.

cross head 46. Rollers 59 are mounted on the Between the shelf and thelheaded end of each hanger, there is a coiled spring 60 surround-' ing the shaft of the hanger. The machine is also provided with knockout means to free the work piece from the dies. The lower die has a knockout pin 61 operated by va rod 62. passing downwardly through the die holder and the base. The

upper diev has a similar knockout pin 63 operated by a rod 64 passing upwardly into the crosshead to a transverse opening 65 therein. A bar 66, joined to the rod 64, extends through opening 65 and has its ends projecting from the cross-head to strike parallel cross-bars 67 and 68 secured to the uprights. As the dies 55 travel up, the bar 66 contacts thecrossbars 67 and 68, and the knockout pin becomes stationary and acts to strip the work fxom the die during the further upward movement of the crosshead.

A four hole bar B is shown in the press be; tween dies 50 and 53. Round-pins 69 and oval pins 70 are shown piercing the bar B. The pins are asiociated withthe upper die and move downwardly with it entering holes 71 in the lower die. All the pins are round pointed to aid informing the holesin the bar. The pins are mounted so as to be movable relative tothe upper die. and-in-theprescnt construction are carried directly by the crosshead. Any suitable or preferred means for attaching the pins to the cross-head may be employed it .being sufiicient that the pins are suitably secured to the head.

Relative movement of the pins and the die 53 is produced by arresting the upward motion of the die while permitting the pins to be carried upwardly by the cross-head. This is readily obtained by providing a, stop for the resiliently mounted die. The stop comprises bars 72'and'7 3 secured on opposite sides of the uprights 44 and 45 and disposed in the path of the ends of stripping bars 55 carrying the die 53. \Vhen the stripping bars 55 strike the stopbars 72 and 7 3. upward movement of die 53- is arrested and, during the continued upward movement of the cross-head, the pins are withdrawn from the bar. If the bar adheres to the die after withdrawal. of the pins, it

will be stripped from the die by knockout pin 63 as the cross-head reaches the upper-. most limit of its up stroke. a

Spring latches 74, four in number, are ar-.

ranged to hold the .upperdie down while the. crosshead and die holder move upwardly. Each latch comprises a resilient projecting hook 75 of semi-circular shape to engage rod 56. These latches are mounted on the lower die holder 49. The release of the latch is effected by the springs 60 reaching their limit of compression so that a positive pull by the cross-head draws the rod 56 awayfrom the latch. WVhen the rods 56 are released.

from the latches, the 'die' is projected upwardly by expansion of springs 60 at a greater speed than the upward movement of the crosshead thus causing the pins to strike the bar and strip it from the die. The various steps in the stripping. operation need not be set forth in more detail herein, it being noted that the stripping of the work from thedie is fully described in my copending application above referred to and is claimed therein.

An important feature of the die pressabove describe d,-which is of primary nnportance in practicing my method ofreformingbars, is the conversion of vertical die pressure to substantially lateral pressure. The bar B is so positioned between the dies that the wedge surfaces converge downwardly. The object of the die pressing'is to reform the bar by spacing the wedge surfaces 11 and 13 ,-furtlier apart and at the proper angle.

holder .54 exerts only vertical pressure The most important feature of myinvention is,

The dies, of course, determine the limit. This rethatthis lateral spreading is in large part v diverted in'one direction, as compared, with ordinary spreading in two opposing directions. this method. of balancing lateral pr: sure to an unbalanced shape being directed tothe properreforming of the thin bra-a surfaced andangularly positioned flange perm tion of the bar.

' bars 67 and 68 and rods 56. I

desirable as contributing to the conversionpressure. Another contributory the form of the bar, and another factor, Which is of great importance, is the design of the registering surfaces of the upperandlower dies. To permit this desired lateral The above described mounting of the upper die holder permits lateral movement of the upper die 53 substantially ar'allel to the isishighly of vertical pressure to substantiall lateral actor is motion of the upper die, the pins 70and 69 may be mounted for lateral shifting with the die, or the holes-in the upper die through WhlClLth Q pins extend ma be .provided with a suitable clearance 03- he holes 71 in the lower die are also larger than the pins to permit relative movement between the dies.

In Figure 7, I have illustrated one form of my invention particularly suitable for reforming thehead portion of the bar and also adapted for reforming the flange- 'ortion, as there are occasional cases in I-beam ars where it may b used, first reforming the flange. fishing and thena projecting portion of the head. .Two dies 76 and77'are mounted for relative vertical movement, 76 being m'ovable and 77 being fixed. The dies areassumed to be fully closed under full pressure. In this case, it is necessary to move the line tothe left a predetermined amount, into the dotted line positionindicated, in addi-, tion to properly reforming the flange fishing 80'81'. This is done by. draughting the flange at VW inamount so that its increasing resistance near closure will force die 76 to I the left pushing a:-;i to its dotted line location and no more, the lock 82-83 restricting movement to the left and there being no more I the back of web 14 much removed from the horizontaL. As the movable die 76 descends, the flange portion 81 thereof encounters the correspondingportion of the bar which movement to the right because the lock 82- 83 is parallel to the vertical motion of the upper die. However, my invention is'directed mainly to properly reforming the flange portion of the-bar. Usually the head is abody of. such mass that the problem of-reforming it'is simple compared to that of reforming the relatively long and thin flange of the bar. The flange not' being far removed s from the vertical is subjectedto but indirect pressure. If this angle of the flange with the vertical were greater, the pressure exerted thereon would be less indirect, but such pressure is limited because 'of the; head angle 7879 of not over-'14; degrees with the vertical, and there are other objections to placing exerts pressure on the; dietoward the left where a vertical wall 82-583 of the di'e'76 encounters a corresponding side or wall of'the' lower die 77. These walls constitute the die: alinement or lock and, as illustrated, thesewhich is of primary importance.

walls are vertical, that is, are parallel to the direction ofmovement of the die 76.

'Any considerable lateral pressure against this die lock will soon cause such wear as to render it ineflectilal as a-mean's for applying sure which may e applied to the flange of the bar is downwardly, hat is, vertical, and not in the direction of. theflange. It is impossible to obtain accurate reforming of the bar flange in a die operating in this manner,-un-

less there is lateral ahead resistance as described, this head resistance serving to relieve excessive pressuretand wear on the collars 82-83. For ordinary flange reforming, the method is therefore ineffectual.

In" Figure 8 I ha ve illustrated one form of die structure whereby my method of ac.- curately reforming dies can be practiced.

D0wel pins 84. are adjustably secured by set screws 85in recesses in a lower fixed die186. These pins project upwardly above the die for engagement into bushings 87 secured by set SCI'GWSBS in suitable recesses in an upper movable die 89. This upper die is mountedfor lateral movement, as in Figures 5 and The pins 84 are tapered and the parts of the diestrilcture are so" disposed and related that the upper die 89 in its descent first contacts flange 12of bar B along surface 80-81 of the die 89 so as to-shift it toward the left out of alinement with die 86. As downward movement of die 89 continues the dowel pins 84 enter the bushings 87 and coact therewith to shift die 89 toward the right into alinement with die 86. In this manner the vertically applied'pressure of die 89is converted to lateral pressure'toward the right, that is, in the direction of the flange of the bar thus forcing the flange against the cooperating wall of the die cavity under forming pressure. I a

In this manner, I assure that the fishirig surface of the flange is accurately formed As previously noted, the head of the bar constitutes a body or mass of metal of suflicient extentto be readily spread-into forming contact with the fishing forming surface of the die producing an accurate fishing surface on the head, It is not essential that the die -89 be ofiset to the left during the" first part of its closing movement, in all cases, since very satisfactory results are accomplished by having the die89 initially offset to t e left relative to die 86 and alinmg die 89 wi h ,die 86 as it movesinto full closed position.

The operation in converting the vertical applied pressure to lateral pressure in the direc tion of the flange "of the bar is'the same in either case. This form of. die structure is not, from a practical standpoint, the best and may be considered rather crude. However, it illustrates one means by which my method may practiced. The pins 84 and the 7o any appreciable pressure at 80'81'.' It is a also particularl pointed out that any pres--' bushings 87 wear away rapidly due to the great amount of pressure to which the contact dies inaccurate, the pins and bushingsare of no further use and must be replaced.

A less practical method, although following the teaching of my invention, is to use tapered ways for the cross-head of the press so that the cross-head will shift slightl sideways near the bottom of its stroke. similar effect may be gained by using untapered cross-head Ways placed laterally off of their natural ositions so. as to oppose lateral shifting of the dies as they meet the resistance of the bar flange. I find in practice, however, that the most satisfactory results are accomplished by confining means for insuring lateral forming pressure to the die' holders or dies, preferably the latter, in that the side lock or lateral thrust means may be machined to take up wear at the same t me as the dies, and because'it is diflicult tomake and preserve accurate ahgnment'wlien em-- ploying means in the press, die-holders, or anywhere not in the die themselves.

In Figures 9 and 10, I have illustrated dies which I find tobe highl efficient in practicing my method of re ormin bars. Referring more particularly to igure 9, an upper die 90 is mounted in a press for move-v mcnt vertically toward and away from a lower fixed 'die' 91, the die 90 being also mounted for lateral movement'in the same manner as the upper die illustrated in Figures 5 and6. The two dies are provided with a diagonal thrust lock 92-93 fitted accurately throughout the length of both dies so that when the dies-are closed and are'tight together at 92-93, the draft or reduction of the flange area 81,-80-81' is assured. The action is as follows-as the upper or 'moving die descends and nears the comple tion of its stroke, the die surface between the points 8081 encounters the corresponding portion of the flange 12a of the bar B striking a glancing blow whichshifts the top die to theleft until the lock surfaces engage at 92,-93 which surfaces, being a'diagonal, force the top die to the right andcontinue to do so until, the completion of the stroke.

This gives 7 the desired effect upon the flangea powerful and increasing lateral ressure at 8081 to force the metal-of the flange hard against the lower die at 80'8'1 and sec'ure'the desiredwork upon the flange hearing portion of the bar. It is an effective After the A further practical advantage of this die structure is that wear resulting from friction is quickly compensated for by dressing down I the lock surfaces and bar recesses jointly, the

wear of the lock surfaces 92*93 being restored whenthe wear on the die fishing surfaces 9495 and 8081 require restoration, both being brought back accurately to proper fit and alinement in both dies by machining down or sinking the pass in-.ea ch die vertically. The surfaces 9293, and 80-81 in the top die and 9495 and 80f-81' in the bottom die, being opposing diagonals, are restored to their proper horizontal alinement by slight vertical machining. This provision for read- I ily correcting wear is. of great-importance, second only to the provision for transforming vertical into lateral pressure; and both solve the difficult problem of properly re-' forming the flange .fishin which would otherwise be'extremely difll cult, if not impossible, since in the prior art most-ofthe pressure deflected away from the barflange to the head and 'the web portion of the bar and accurate forming of the fishing surface of the flange is impossible.

In practice I use several variations of the diagonal thrust idea above set, forth. In short thick flanged bars, such as illustrated 1n Figure 9, the diagonal thrust is at a greater angle to the vertical than in dies used for reforming long-thin flan ed bars, such as illustrated in Figure 10, t e lesser angle resulting in less lateral thrust.

The method above described of securing proper flange forming pressure, which is essential for properly reforming the flange fishing surfaces, even in cases of bars which are not excessively worn, frequently calls for assistance in the case of one way track bars previously described, and of badly corroded orworn bars, for it is much more diflicult to smooth out irregularities and uneveness than it is to reform a flange simply worn down from end to end. I, therefore, provide further assistance in these extreme cases by the use-of means whereby-the web portion of the bar is thinned laterally by increased draft at 80-81 in the central one-third of the bar making the flange thinner at its center Ver n tically when in itsupright position bolted to the rail. This is shown in Figure9 and forms the subject matter of my cope'ndingapplica tion for renewingworn angle bar's, filed March 10, 1928,'Serial No.260,695,.which has matured into Patent N umber 1,732,650, dated October22, 1929. This concentration of p'res-- sure at the ccnter, co'mbined withthe lateral thrustby the diagonal lock, gives the desired result so that irregularities such-as one i way track flanges, pitted and ground flanges and flange lips are pressed out. As regards however.

the degree or amount of angle of the thrust the desired results. Other means or methods.

loyed to secure this side thrust,

may be em lso, I do not wish to be limitedto collar or lock since this may be varied with- .in limits. A vertical lock parallel with the direction ofpressure gives no lateral thrust toward the flange but gives lateral thrust toward the head by a predetermined amount. Anydeparture from the vertical gives side thrust toward the flange increasing with the angle, although more power is lost in friction at the lock as the angle increases. In Figure 10, the construction and o eration of the dies is essentially the same as t at of Figure 9 except. as to the angle of the lock and the greater draft exerted on the bar. The side thrust in Figure 10 is less than the side thrust in Figure 9, the bar B of Figure 10 bein of a different type thanthat of Figure;

9, w ich latter bar requires greater pressure and side thrust in the direction of the flange to properly reform it. In its broader aspects, my invention consists in reformingthe bar by subjecting the same to forming pressure in a forming die and converting the initially applied pressure topressure in a direction having a component substantially at right angles -to the direction of the applied pressure, that is, the direction of the converted pressure being substantially oblique to the direction of the ap lied pressure and toward the flange of the ar, although in certain instances illustrated by Fig; 7, lateral motion and pressureis desired not toward but away:

from the flange.

Inpractice I prefer to set the bar 'as in Figures 7 to 10, so that the back ofthe web is perpendicular to the direction of the initially applied pressure, this facilitating the use of ins in the u per dieto preserve the size an s ilacing of t e bolt holes. However, .in cases w I may be set atany angle, such as that of Figure 11, either 'die being movable in the direction indicated by the arrows. In this figure 96 desi di ates the upper die and 97 the lower ese dies may be placed .in a vertical press, a side bulldozer, or other suitable ma-.

chine fo'r operating the dies. It will be noted that in Figure 11 the bar '& ti ed at an angle to the horizontal. In igure 13, the bar is placed in the, die reversely to Figure 11 and is also tipped from the ere the pins are not used, the bar horizontal. In this figure 98 designates the upper die and 97 the lower die. This tipping o the bar renders it possible to et more direct pressure on the flange of the ar than is possible when the die is not tipped, but the amountor extent to which the bar can be 1 is at theflange of the bar, the upper die being designated 102 and the lower die 103 in this figure. In Fi 104 an F the lower die 105, the lock 106 being at the flange side of the bar. In this Lfigurethe bar is tilted and is disposed with the flange down, the arrangem'ent of the bar illustrated. being the best ,for securing-a fair balance of pressure This' arrangement of the bar is, however, open to two serious objections; one being that the radius A would beover-filled necessitating machining to the proper curve, and the other being that the re'14 the upper die is designated signated 100. This lock is at the two fishings, head and flange, being in separate dies would result in fluctuation of fishing height. In Figure 15 the upper die is desi ated by 107 and the lower die by 108,

the ock 109 being at the head-side of the bar. The arrangement of the bar illustrated in this figure is objectionable in most cases although in some instances it maybe found advantageous. Of --the various positions which the bar may be set at, illustrated in Figures 11 to 15, 1nclusive,-the' positions of the bars illustrated in'=- Figures 11to 13 are the most ractical in relation to direction, in the order named, an in all cases the lack of pressure balance makes advisable some means for lateral thrust to properly reform the flange. Under ordinary conditions, however, I prefer to position the bar as illustrated in igures 8 to 10 ressure.

so that the pressure is applied to the bar from one .side thereof and this initially applied pressure is converted to pressure ap- I plied to the flangeoof the bar in the direction thereof for accurately forming the fishing surface of the flange as above described What I claim is:-- v

1. The method of reforming the flange fishing surface of an angle-type .rail joint 1 bar consisting infirst applying pressure to the bar in. one directionsand then applying j a supplementary pressure in another dlrection,

2'. The method of reforming the flange uring the continuance of said initial pressure, to theupper outer surface of the of the bar thereby to exert a lateral I thrust thereon for reforming the flange fish 1 ing surface.)

bar, which comprises first applying pressure to the bar in one direction, and then applying a supplementary pressure in another direction, during the continuance of said initial pressure, to the outer flanged portion of the bar thereby to exert a lateral thrust thereon for reforming the flange fishing surface.

3. The method of reforming the worn flange fishing surface of a worn angle type m of rail joint bar, which comprises applying an initial pressure to the bar inone direction and then applying a supplementary pressure in another direction, during the continuance of said initial pressure, to the outer flanged portion of the bar thereby to exert a lateral thrust for reforming the flange fishing surface.

4. The method of reforming the worn flange fishing surface of a worn angle type of rail joint bar, which comprises applying an initial pressure to the bar in one dlrection and then applying a supplementary pressure in another direction, during the continuance of said initial pressure, to the g outer flanged portion thereby to exert a lateral thrust thereon for' reforming the flange fishing surface, the bar being angularly positioned with its head fishing surface at a comparatively small angle and its flange o fishing surface at a comparatively, large angle to the direction of initial ressure so as to minimize the lateral thrust or reforming the flange fishing surface. r

5. The method of reforming the Worn flange fishing surface of a worn rail joint bar, which comprises applying an initial pressure to the outer flanged portion of-the bar in one direction, said pressure increasing and then deflecting from the outer flanged 40 portion, and then applying a supplementary pressure in another direction during the continuance of said initial pressure to the outer flanged portion thereby-to exert a lateral thrust thereon for reforming the flange fishing surface.-

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 2nd day of July, 1931.

GEORGE LANGFORD. 

